Spiders (Araneae) of the oak forests of Kharkiv Region (Northeastern Ukraine)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36016/KhESG-2023-31-2-5Keywords:
fauna, assemblage structure, habitat distribution, forest-steppeAbstract
A total of 210 spider species of 24 families were recorded from 10 localities in the oak forests of Kharkiv Region. The richest is the family Linyphiidae (25% of the fauna), while Gnaphodsidae, Araneidae, and Theridiidae make up 10% each. Under the forest canopy, the share of Linyphiidae increases to 30%, Gnaphodsidae decreases to 6%, and those of Araneidae and Theridiidae do not change significantly. In three sites of stationary research, 28 spider species (14% of the fauna) were found in all types of oak forests (dry, mesic, moist), as well as on the edges and clearings, 46 species (24%) were absent under the forest canopy, 12 species (6%) avoided moist forests, 4 species (2%) were found only in moist and mesic forests. Spider species richness was the lowest (43‒49 species) and most similar in the moist oak forests, and the richest (71‒99 species) and most diverse in clearings and dry oak forests. Spider assemblages of the Stariytskyi forest were analyzed for the first time. The analysis confirmed general features of the spider assemblages of oak forests: dominance of Linyphia triangularis (Clerck, 1757), Helophora insignis (Blackwall, 1841), Metellina segmentate (Clerck, 1757), and Enoplognatha ovata (Clerck, 1757) in the herbage, Abacoproeces saltuum (L. Koch, 1872), Trochosa terricola Thorell, 1856, and Ozyptila praticola (C. L. Koch, 1837) in the litter, especially in mesic and moist forests, and overdominance of Pardosa alacris (C. L. Koch, 1833) and P. lugubris (Walckenaer, 1802) in the dry oak forest, clearings, and on the edges. The ratio of dominant species, spider species richness and individual abundance are dependent on the type of oak forest. 3 figs, 3 tabs, 33 refs
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